Adversities in of Mice and Men free essay sample

SteinbeckIn the novel Of Mice and Men, the problems experienced by the characters are often over looked in favor of the themes of the book. However, by looking at the adversities of all of the characters, one can see the same adversities expressed in our own lives; by examining these said adversities, one can also learn to face such difficulties in the real world and better determine how to handle them. In the novel, Lennie faces difficulty in explaining himself to the rest of the world. Since he is mentally challenged, most people, even George sometimes, underestimated his intelligence and logic skills. In Weed, the ranchers assumed the worst about him and didn’t stop to think of his motives. They chased George and Lennie out of town with a mob of angry ranchers. At the ranch in Soledad, Lennie is given most of the basic tasks. Everyone assumes he cannot do work like a normal ranch hand. We will write a custom essay sample on Adversities in of Mice and Men or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And again, after he kills Curly’s wife, everyone, except George and perhaps Slim, assumes he killed her out of pure spite. This lack of interest in his true motives is similar to the lack of interest the world has for our motives for anything. The world focuses more on what we have done than on why we have done it. If one cannot display ones motives or desires, then the world assumes the worst, and often society labels situations in a less than satisfactory manner. George faces a barrier in achieving his dream of owning a ranch of his own. Partially this is his doing, as shown with the wasting of money on cathouses and booze, but there are other factors as well, like the death of Lennie. Also, George seems to abandon any hope in his dream at the end of the novel. In this case, one can see that if ample efforts are not taken in the right direction one cannot achieve his goal to its entirety. Furthermore, the way the workmen take away Candy’s dog is similar to the way the world takes away the joys experienced by some members of the society. Candy’s dog, symbolic of Candy’s life and livelihood, was more important to him than some of the other ranch hands. Carlson, the representative of the world, took Candy’s dog from him and killed it, just as the world will sometimes take what we hold most dear. One can learn from this to hold on to what is most important to them. One should never let the world dictate how to make decisions on how to live life. In conclusion, the problems of the characters in Of Mice and Men are very similar to the problems in the real world. In the novel, however, the difficulties are more apparent than in the world. By applying the experiences of the characters to one’s own life, one can learn how to better himself for his own benefit.

Musicians The 27 Club Professor Ramos Blog

Musicians The 27 Club Musicians’ The 27 Club When people here ‘27 Club it is rare for someone to even know about it. The 27 Club was created in the 1970’s. It was created after 4 very famous musicians tragically died between the years of 1969-1971. Even after those death it didn’t bring much attention. The idea of the 27 Club didn’t catch everyone’s attention until 1994 when Kurt Cobain died. When the creation of this club began it started off with believing that these artists made some kind of Satanic pact. Others of course believed they were just suicides. When you put more thought into it you can always agree that drugs and traumatic pasts have so much to do with them. The fame might have given them all they could have dreamed about, but it also gave them more to stress about like how people saw them and trying to achieve more than they could handle to keep the attention of their fans. It isn’t all fun and games even when you have the fame.   There are so many members when it comes to the 27 Club, but when someone mentions the club 6 members pop up into the conversation. The members include: Brian Jones, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Jim Morrison, Kurt Cobain, and Amy Winehouse. The first member to be put into the 27 Club was Brian Jones. He was born on February 28,1942. When Jones was 3 years old his 2 year old sister died of Leukemia. Since then his life was always revolved around her death. He is best known as the member of the Rolling Stones band. They created the band in 1962. As the band began playing different gigs and making music Jones began feeling left out which then led to use drugs and drink excessively. Jones began getting violent and started having mood swings even when on stage. At some point Jones got bad that he even got arrested. That’s led to the rest of the members to make the big decision of asking him to leave the band. So in 1969 Jones was officially asked to leave the band. Of course this led to Jones becoming depressed and he didn’t find anything he cared enough to live anymore. On July 3, 1969 Jones overdosed and was found at the bottom of his pool. Jimi Hendrix was also one of the first members to join the club. Jimi was born from a teen mom on November 27,1942. He didn’t have a good childhood. His mom was a drug addict and his father was a drinker. When Jimi’s father noticed that he was left handed he never let him forget that he was a devil’s child. His parents never seemed to get along, he grew up seeing them arguing. He ended up being bounced around to his relatives with his two younger brothers. His mom ended up dying when Jimi was 15 years old. Jimi taught himself to play the guitar. He started drugs and alcohol young to deal with of his father and of course his mother’s death. That didn’t stop him from achieving to follow his dream. He received so much fame because of his guitar skills. He was eventually known to be the Ultimate Guitarist. All the fame brought self-image issues and Jimi started to over-work himself trying to make more music and give his fan more than he was able to. Thi s of course had Jimi using more drugs to either stay up or deal with the stress. He continued to drown himself in alcohol and drugs until he overdosed on September 18,1970. Janis Joplin was born on January 19.1943. She actually made a big change in the music industry for women. She was known as the First Lady of   Rock’N’Roll. When Janis was younger she was actually already known as the misfit. Unlike all the other kids at school she didn’t think black people were any different. When in school Janis was bullied because she had bad acne. Although she tried to ignore the bullies it didn’t affect her mentally. She was voted the Ugliest Boy in school. When she went to High School Janis began using drugs to deal with the bullies. Janis already knew she wanted to be famous. She loved to sing and she went out to seek for her opportunity. She bounced back and forth from her home to other states trying to find her opportunity, but failed every time. Rock wasn’t known from having women in the music industry, so that made it very difficult for Janis. She was already a heavy drinker, but the continuous failed attempts to achieve fame led to her doing drugs. She finally made her big Hit but when she performed she was nervous so she drank and did drugs before even walking up on stage. Janis was already bullied for how she looked in school so fame made it worse when it came to caring for her self-image. She overdosed on heroin on October 4, 1970. Jim Morrison was known to be an intelligent, yet lazy kid when it came to school. He was more on December 8,1943. His was was in the Navy was extremely strict. When Jim was around 5 years old he was in the car with his family when they passed by a horrible crashed truck. They drove by dead bodies on the road and some of the bodies were actually torn apart in pieces. Jim never forgot that image and actually wrote the song PeaceFrog. Growing up Jim’s dad was a strict man with many rules. Jim was more of a free spirit and began rebelling against his father. He began to drink to deal with his father. When he decided to go the film school his family was extremely unsupportive. He began doing music and it became more stress for Jim. He began to use drugs and more alcohol to deal with not only his personal life but also his public life. He joined The Doors Band. When Jim was on stage he began to have violent outbursts. Jim knew he was getting worse, so he took some time off from the band so he could try to get himself together. When taking that break it brought more depression for Jim. He didn’t stop the drugs and he started drinking all day. On July 3, 1971 Jim was found dead, overdosed on heroin in his bathtub. Kurt Cobain is best know as the member on The Nirvana Band which was created in 1988. Kurt was born on February 20,1967. Kurt’s parents got divorced and he got separated from his younger sister. This was a huge change for a small child especially when not knowing when you will see you sister. This made Kurt feel lonely and his parent’s remarried rather quickly.He began having self-image issues at a young age. When Kurt was a teen he found a dead body hanging from a tree. He found drugs when he moved in with his mom. In 1992 Kurt married Kourtney. They soon had a daughter. Kourtney was a heavy drug user which make Kurt continue using drugs. His cousin began noticing the amount of drugs Kurt was using and warned him that addiction and mental illnesses. Kurt didn’t pay attention to his cousin’s warning. In 1993, Kurt purposely overdosed on drugs but he was found soon enough to save him. He didn’t want to live anymore and having the fame and so much att ention made him want to leave this earth sooner. He wrote a suicide note on the day of his death and he stated, â€Å"it’s better to burn out than fade away.† In his note he also left a few words for his daughter who he loved, but he just wasn’t strong enough to stay on earth anymore. On April 5,1994 Kurt put a gun to his mouth and instantly ended his pain. We then have Amy Winehouse who was actually one of the more recent lost life. Amy Winehouse was born on September 14,1983. Amy was daddy’s girl from the day she was born but when she was 9 years old her father left to live with his new girlfriend. This left Amy’s mother struggling as a single mother who Amy hated. Amy seemed to have resentment towards her mother because her father left. When Amy was in school she actually began taking antidepressants and she would self-harm to grab attention. By the time Amy was in her 20’s she was already a extremely heavy drinker. Amy got engaged and married   Blake Fielder-Civil in 2007. Blake he used heroin and other drugs; eventually he got Amy using them too . Blake soon became her supplier for the drugs. Blake and Amy eventually got divorced after 2 years because the drugs started becoming the one thing ruining their marriage. Amy continued of course after the divorce which is when she was sent to the hospital over overd rinking. Her doctor warned her that she would face death if she didn’t seek help. That warning didn’t really stick with Amy, she still continued to use drugs trying to deal with the fame, self-esteem and depression. She once told her friend Alex Hainsand she felt that she was going to join the 27 Club. Amy started having seizures caused by the amount of drugs she was using. Amy stopped paying attention to her music career and all she cared about was the drugs and alcohol. Everyone around her began to noticed how exhausted she seemed to be. Amy died on August 7, 2011 from overdose when she mixed heroine, cocaine, ecstasy, ketamine, whisky, and vodka. These musicians are still remembered for having amazing talents. They had difficult situations to deal with from a young age and believe that maybe a little fame can fix it all. Their past haunted them even with all the attention that they received. The music industry didn’t help them either handing them the amount of stress and work a single human can’t handle. All this leading   to the use of drugs. Hoping that maybe just for a short while they won’t feel exhausted, stressed or the pain from the past. We lost these talented people way too soon because they couldn’t see the meaning of living anymore. People are still trying to figure out why it is that they died at 27. The list for the 27 Club continues to grow still no exact answer to why these artists give up their life at that age. Fans lost their loved musicians and not for moment did these artist allow their fans to see the pain they held inside until their last day. Work Cited â€Å"Amy Said She Always Knew She’d Join The 27 Club.† Mail Sunday, P18, July 14,2018. http://solosyndicationpictures.com Biography.com Editors. â€Å"Jimi Hendrix Biography.† website. April 2, 2014, https://www.biography.com/people/jimi-hendrix-9334756 ,access date Oct.10,2018. Biography.com Editors. â€Å"Jim Morrison Biography.† website. April 2, 2014, https://www.biography.com/people/jim-morrison-9415576 , Access date Oct 10,2018 Lord,Douglas C.   Ã¢â‚¬Å"A History of the 27 Club Through the Lives of Brian Jones, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Jim Morrison, Kurt Cobain, and Amy Winehouse.† Library Journal, Vol 139 Issue 5, March 15,2014, p87-87, mediasourceinc.com/ Simon Napier-Bell. â€Å" What rock’s 27 club told me about talent and mental illness.† Times, The(United Kingdom), p8,9-8,9, March 27,2018. Lucijanic,Marko;Breitenfeld,Darko;Miletic,Jelena;Bulijan,Danijel;Ozimec-Vulinec,Stefanija. â€Å"Rock Musicians’ Club 27.† Alcoholism: Journal on Alcoholism Related Addictions, Vol 46 Issue 2,2010,http://hrcak.srce.hr/alcoholism?lang=en

Report about Greece Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Report about Greece - Essay Example This has been the state of affairs affecting Greece. This paper looks at the turnaround experienced by Greece through analysis of the country’s GDP growth and its economic performance of the region. The GDP of Greece since 2008 has been on the rocks according to statistics provided by the World Bank (2014). The nation has experienced a mere 0.46 percent growth since this time with a low of -2.80 percent in 2010 (Tradingecomomics, 2014). Based on this, it is clear that the nation is facing an economic crisis. Despite this there is, the nation is forecasted to do better as it is now picking up from the low it experienced as shown in the graph below. From the above, one can see that the GDP of the state has been taking a downward trend, but has picked up in the last few years. This can be attributed to the reforms placed in the employment sector. According to BBC’s Mark Lowen (2014), through the job cuts and firm restructures, the rate of unemployment has reached an all time high of 28 percent and contrasts the turnaround experienced by the nation in terms of economic growth. Before, at least 50,000 jobs a year were made available to the citizens of the nation and the economy was growing at 5 percent annually. After the crash, the inverse was experienced with the rate of growth plummeting and the unemployment rate increasing rapidly. In accordance with Herbert Grubel (2013), the problem resulted from the instability of prices. That is to say inflation caused by those in government. The problem began when wages were reduced, resulting in the leaders increasing the nominal wages in the public sector. The higher wager resulted in the printing of more money, increasing the deficit experienced by the nation. All this resulted in inflation in the region and led to the collapse of the Greece economy and thus the increased rate of unemployment and the fall in the growth of the GDP. According to N. Roubini (As cited by George Alogoskoufis, 2012),

Advanced Financial Reporting - Prevalence of Creative Accounting Essay

Advanced Financial Reporting - Prevalence of Creative Accounting - Essay Example This report will be evaluating the reasons that give rise to creative accounting by organizations; the grounds for the nativity of this practice will also be discussed. The evaluation of the efforts made by existing standards and accounting practices in controlling and reducing aggressive accounting will be catered in the report. The levels of success achieved by regulatory bodies will also be discoursed. Increasing the complexity of accounting treatments in such a creative and aggressive way, actually results in deviation from the actual spirit of the suggested treatment. Transactions are treated with a high level of quibble and in a complex manner so as to obtain desired misrepresentation of items present in financial statements, such as assets, liabilities, expenses, revenue, and stock options. It is generally successfully applied over the transactions of inherently complex items of financial statements, for example Derivatives, Hedge accounting, leases, insurance contracts, const ruction contracts, financial instruments, impairment of assets, revenue recognition and manipulation can easily be made. Reasons for using Creative Accounting Creative accounting aims to manipulate ultimate shareholder’s wealth, showing high paper profits, and hiding right earning figures from stakeholders (Farlex 2011). Those who are involved in creative accounting are usually personnel having excess to accounting documents, or can influence the accounting treatments. The records and accounts are falsified and wangled as to divert the route of organization’s money to individual intended pockets. There are some obvious motivations, which lead to the commencement of creative accounting by managers or directors. The business corporate and other borrowers search for capital beyond their home land; this gives rise to an increase in the foreign investment. The investors must be supported with high level investor protection measure and market integrity because there is a sig nificant gap between the investor and the borrower that increases the chances of and may lead to dishonesty (Security and Exchange Commission 2000). Creative accounting provides assistance to businesses to appear profitable and attract customers, resources, and investors. It proves to be more costly when deceptive accounting leads to drastic consequences. Methods of Creative Accounting In an organization where salaries and incentives are paid on the basis of performance (performance related pay), directors can manipulate the annual sales account by showing high sales value or reduction in the figures of liabilities as to pay themselves high remunerations and incentives. Directors can also create high provisions for remote liabilities and include under the head of assets account remote or possible future assets, this treatment of assets and liabilities will be against the bench marks described by standards but if the liability and asset heads are intensely populated then, it will be difficult to locate this non compliance. Other minor non-compliances in the financial statements can result in a material non-compliance in the aggregated form. Directors can also change the policies relating to share options and take advantages like bed and breakfasting shares. Job security concerns can also cause highly designated individuals to falsify accounts in the periods of unfavorable results. To cover up previous frauds, original accounts become compulsory to be replaced by fake accounts using creative accounti

English and English Literature Coursework Dubliners Essay Example for Free

English and English Literature Coursework Dubliners Essay These stories are all about escape and how characters are unable to escape. In the light of this quotation, I am going to discuss Dubliners, with close detailed reference to two of the stories, Eveline and The Boarding House. There are many similarities between these two stories, as well as contrasts. In Eveline, her father is a drunkard and is also the head of the house, whereas in The Boarding House, Pollys father, was a shabby stooped little drunkard who lives separated from his family. Pollys father has been cut-off from her life, and Evelines mother is dead. The similarity here, is that each child has had one of their parents cut off from a period of their life. Eveline wants to escape to Buenos Aires, to get away from her poverty in Dublin. Mr Doran wants to escape from the prospect of marriage. This brings us to one of the main points of the book, the characters inability to escape. Eveline has been given the chance to escape from her life, where she had to work hard both in the house and at business. Poor Eveline, however, finds that she is unable to move forward. She lacks the courage and strength to make that leap that will free her of her oppressive situation. . Shes sees her lover as a possible source of danger: All the seas of the world tumbled about her heart. He was drawing her into them: he would drown her. Instead of an uncertain but hopeful future, her paralysis will make a certain and dismal future that may well repeat her mothers sad life story. In Mr Dorans case, the theme of powerlessness is conveyed his situation. As with many other characters in Dubliners, various social pressures, like his job and his reputation, combine to rob him of choice. Mrs Mooney wants her daughter to escape her current poverty and the possibility of a working life for marriage, while Mr Doran wants to escape the tying down of marriage and enjoy his free life. Mr Doran nonetheless cannot escape. At the end of The Boarding House, Mrs Mooney tells Polly, Come down, dear. Mr Doran wants to speak to you. The reader is struck by the tremendous irony of the situation, since it is clear that Mr Doran does not really want to speak to Polly. He has been bullied and terrified into proposing marriage to her. These simple words are the hallmark of Mrs Mooneys accomplishment. Frank wants to take Eveline away, but Eveline is unsure. It was hard work-a hard life-but now that she was about to leave it she did not find to a wholly undesirable life. Polly wants to settle with Mr Doran, but Mr Doran is unsure, however he does not have a choice: What could he do now but marry her or run away? He could not brazen it out. Mr Doran has the choice to run away, but this is not an option for Dublin is such a small city: everyone knows everyone elses business. Both Frank and Mr Doran can be seen as saving the two girls from poverty. Mr Doran and Eveline are both described as helpless. Mr Doran himself says, I felt helpless, while Eveline is described as passive like a helpless animal. At the end of each story, an iron railing is mentioned. Eveline gripped with both hands at the iron railings, using them as an anchor, preventing her from drowning into the seas of the world. The railings help Eveline think of thoughts which keep her from leaving. Polly uses the iron railings as an anchor to clear her thoughts. There was no longer any perturbation visible on her face. Both Mr Doran and Eveline feel that it is their duty to stay and face the consequences. Mr Doran longed to ascend through the roof and fly away yet a force pushed him downstairs step by step. Eveline finds that she is paralysed by the needs of her father and her promise to her mother to keep the home together as long as she could. Eveline starts a series of stories dealing with various kinds of marriage and courtship. In Eveline, marriage presents the possibility of escape. The Boarding House gives us marriage as a social convention and a trap. Two Gallants reduces marriage and courtship to its animal. Two Gallants gave us men taking advantage of a young woman. The Boarding House gives us a more respectable social setting, but the basic cynicism about love and relationships between the genders remains. The economic conditions are also expressed in Eveline and The Boarding House. To save money in The Boarding House, pieces of broken bread are collected to help make Tuesdays bread-pudding. The sugar and butter is kept safe under lock and key. In Eveline, there is an invariable squabble for money on Saturday nights. Evelines dead mum controls her while Mr Doran is controlled by Mrs Mooney. Mrs Mooney and Evelines mum are both very different people in the sense that Mrs Mooney is strong and independent and Evelines mum is weak and dependent. Evelines love for Frank leads her to escape whereas Mr Dorans love for Polly leads him to confine his life with marriage. Eveline is forced into making her decision to stay by duty to her family. Mr Doran has put himself into his situation and it driven further by Mrs Mooney. Both Eveline and Mr Doran have occupational restrictions. Mr Doran had been employed for thirteen years in a great Catholic wine-merchants office and publicity would mean the loss of his sit. All his hard work would be gone for nothing. Eveline, however, is oppressed by her employer and would not cry many tears at leaving the Stores. One of the striking elements of The Boarding House is Mrs Mooneys silence. Her daughters respect is not really a concern, because she knows about the affair from the start. What matters to her is trading on her feigned outrage to get a social arrangement that will benefit her daughter. Mrs Mooney manipulates the weaker Mr Doran, using his concern for his job and his fear of scandal. The story concludes with the fact that Mr Doran has spoken to Mrs Mooney and now wants to speak to Polly. This probably suggests a proposal of marriage, and the trap is implied in the final line: Then she remembered what she had been waiting for. Marriage is the price which Doran must pay in order to keep his job, since Dublin is such a small city: everyone knows everyone elses business The stages-of-life structure continues in Eveline. In previous stories like The Sisters and Araby, children had been main characters. Eveline is an adult, a young woman old enough to get married. Joyce gives us the terrible poverty and pressure of her situation. The weight of poverty and family responsibilities bear down on this young woman heavily and her financial situation is far worse than that of the three boy narrators of the previous stories. She is trapped in an ugly situation, responsible for her siblings and the aging father who abuses her. In conclusion, it can be said that Joyce presents the themes of escape and paralysis in Dubliners. They show how Joyce sees the city of Dublin.

Gravimetric Determination of Chloride | Lab Report

Gravimetric Determination of Chloride | Lab Report This experiment was done to determine the amount of chloride ions present in a known Sodium Chloride sample and an unknown sample by Argentometric method. Silver nitrate solution of 0.2 M was added slowly to the aqueous solution of 0.50 g test sample while continuously stirring and the chloride was precipitated as silver chloride. This precipitate was filtered, dried and weighed. Then the average percentage of chloride present in the known NaCl and the unknown sample was determined to be 65.40% and 24.98% respectively. Introduction of gravimetric determination of chloride The use of silver nitrate to form the precipitate of silver chloride and gravimetrically determine the amount of chloride present in the sample is one of the most common methods employed in lab. Any inorganic compound containing halogen can be made into aqueous solution and treated by silver nitrate to obtain the precipitates of silver halide. The reaction involved is as follows: Ag+  +  X−  (aq) → AgX (precipitate) where  X−  =  Cl−,  Br−, or  I−. In this lab, chloride salt was used as test sample. The salts (both known and unknown) were treated with silver nitrate to obtain white precipitates of silver chloride. The silver chloride was initially formed as colloidal solution. After subsequent heating, nucleation process was dominated by particle growth and the precipitates separated out as coagulated mass. During this procedure, the pH of the solution is kept slightly acidic by addition of Nitric acid. The acidic pH eliminates the interference by anions (like carbonate and sulphides) of weak acid (www.wikipedia.org). Otherwise, these anions can from sparingly soluble silver salt in neutral pH. Similarly, the silver nitrate is also added in a little excess to enhance the formation and diminish the solubility of silver chloride (Le Chateliers Principle). Moreover, the combined action of moderately high pH and slightly excess silver nitrate promotes the coagulation of the silver chloride precipitate by formation of dielectric layer (Skoog, 317-319). During the experiment, if the precipitate of silver chloride is exposed to light, it photo-decomposes to give elemental silver and chlorine gas. The elemental silver (violet color seen in precipitate) combines with other chloride ion to from silver chloride. However, due to the chloride that escaped as gas, the product is lost and that gives low yield (www.cooper.edu). Although, in practice, the amount of silver chloride nitrate that decomposed is negligible, it is better to avoid exposure to direct light. The photodecomposition formula is as follows: 2 AgCl (s)  Ã¢â€ â€™Ã‚  2 Ag (s) + Cl2  (g) 3 C12  (aq) + 3 H2O (l) + 5 Ag+  (aq)  Ã¢â€ â€™Ã‚  5 AgCl (s) + C1O3-(aq) + 6 H+(aq) Materials and Methods: Materials: Equipments Three 400 mL Beakers Three fritted funnels Heating plate Graduated cylinder Aluminum foil Analytical balance Hot oven Desiccators Chemicals Sodium Chloride (0.50 g) Unknown sample (0.50 g) Silver nitrate solution (0.2 M) Nitric acid (concentrated and 6 M) Ammonium Hydroxide or Ammonia in water (6 M) Distilled water Methods: Procedure Three 400 mL beakers and three fritted funnels were cleaned, dried and labeled properly. By using the analytical balance 0.50 g of sodium chloride (NaCl) salt was weighed and dissolved in 100 mL of distilled water in each beaker. Slowly, with continuous stirring, 0.2 M of silver nitrate was added to each beaker until the coagulation of silver chloride was observed. Then, 3 to 6 mL of 6 M of nitric acid was added to each beaker. The mixtures in the beakers were heated to digest the solution for ten minutes. Small volume of silver nitrate was added periodically while heating the beakers until the solution stopped becoming cloudy upon the addition of silver nitrate, confirming that the reaction was complete. The precipitate of each beaker was filtered through the pre-weighed fritted funnel. The precipitates were washed up to eight times with distilled water mixed with 0.5% of 6 M Nitric acid. (1 mL concentrated HNO3 in 200 mL distilled water). The funnels along with their contents were wrapped in the aluminum foil and placed in the oven at 120oC for ninety minutes. The funnels were taken out and placed in desiccators to cool to room temperature. The mass of the fritted funnels and their respective contents were determined by using analytical balance and subtracting the weight of fritted funnel from that of fritted funnel and its contents combined. All the above procedures were repeated fro the unknown sample. Cleaning fritted funnel Concentrated nitric acid was allowed to stand in each funnel for five minutes. Using a vacuum the acid was drawn out and disposed in proper waste container. Each crucible was rinsed with three portion of water. Then, 5 mL of 6 M ammonium hydroxide was added, and after five minutes it was drawn out through the filter. Each crucible was rinsed with six to eight portion distilled water. The crucibles were placed in oven at 110oC for about ninety minutes to dry them to constant weight. The funnels were taken out and cooled in the desiccators. The crucibles were weighed, three times each, to ensure they give constant mass. (If not, heating and drying wouldve been repeated.) Results: Sample weight = 0.050 g Gravimetric factor (GF)= Cl− formula weight/AgCl formula weight = 35.45/143.3214 = 0.2473 Percentage of Chloride = Wight of AgCl precipitate weighed (g) * G.F. * 100 Sample weight (g) Discussion of gravimetric determination of chloride: The percentage of Chloride in the known sodium chloride salt and the unknown sample was determined to be 65.40% and 24.977% respectively via gravimetric method. In theory, the percentage of chloride in sodium chloride salt is 60.66%. The variation in the percentage of chloride in the known sample may have been resulted by impurity in the sample or due to the random error during experiment. This experiment is the classical example of the precipitation reaction where the formation of dielectric layer of silver chloride stabilized by nitrate ions takes place. Upon the addition of silver nitrate in the aqueous solution of the salt, the formation of the silver chloride occurs as a colloid. Slightly excess silver nitrate is added and also nitric acid is added to raise the concentration of the nitrate ion in the solution for two reasons. The first reason is to prevent the solubility of the silver chloride precipitates that are formed as precipitate. The second reason is to enhance particle growth and the formation of the dielectric layer (Skoog, 317-319). The precipitates formed are formed as colloids. Since colloids are stable molecules, it is necessary to heat, stir and add more electrolyte (nitrate) to obtain particle growth by the process of adsorption. The colloid obtained is made of silver chloride as primary adsorption layer and nitrate ions make up the counter-ion layer to stabilize the system. Continued heating ruptures the counter ion layer and promotes stabilization by the nitrate ions produced by the addition of slightly excess silver nitrate and nitric acid (Skoog, 317-319). However, addition of too much silver nitrate is avoided to prevent the co-precipitation of the silver nitrate. Nitric acid is used in the reaction mixture as well as to wash the precipitates formed. Washing with nitric acid ensures that the precipitates will be preserved because washing with water may dissolve it (Lab Handout). The precipitate thus obtained was weighed to determine the percentage of chloride present in the starting sample. This process can be employed quantitatively to determine the purity of the sample. In many cases, precipitation reaction of silver halides is qualitatively used to identify whether the inorganic compound consists of halides. In this lab however, the silver nitrate was used to quantitatively determine the percentage of chloride present in the samples. The known sample of Sodium chloride seems to have impurity because it gave more percentage of chloride than theoretically expected. But, the identity of unknown sample was unknown and jus by analyzing the percentage of chloride ion nothing can be said about its identity.

Emerging Nokia Essay

1. What strategy would you recommend for Nokia going forward? Please develop a complete strategy that addresses the following issues: Choice of scope: does it make sense for Nokia to be in both emerging and developed markets, or should they choose not to play in certain markets? How integrated should it be into manufacturing, services (apps), software development, sales, etc? Answer1: Choice of scope: With dwindling sales in developed countries like USA, UK, Germany, Russia and Italy and even in emerging markets like India, Indonesia and Brazil (as per Exhibit 1) despite previously having a stronghold, Nokia now had to decide if it should continue its focus on emerging markets or attempt to salvage the sales even in the developed markets. Status in developed markets: 1. The operators usually have more power but this was changing since the emergence of iPhone. It is a replacement market with users looking for up gradation 2. Competition- Growing competition from companies like Motorola, Samsung, LG and Sony Ericsson. The RIM‘s launch of Blackberry(2002) and Apple’s iPhone (2007) was a further set back 3. New Operating System- Emergence of new user friendly operating systems such as Google‘s Android and Microsoft’s Windows mobile further put Nokia on the back foot 4. Inability to understand demand- Nokia failed to identify the growing consumer need for touch screen phones 5. Target – Nokia operated at all price points where as competitors like Apple (high-end segment) and Samsung( mid and high end segment) had a clearly drawn up strategy Slowdown in some emerging markets: 1. Reverse bundling allows the manufacturer to wield more power than the operator 2. There is lower cost of production which helps produce inspirational products at low rates 3. The growing competition from companies like Samsung that were offering the latest technology at competitive prices 4. Therefore, Nokia lost out on the middle and high segment but continued to grow in the low-end mobile segment as it had identified the gaps in emerging markets and customized services to suit the local consumers Nokia must recognize the difference in the different market  segments and take the challenges head on to be able to operate in both markets. It must clearly identify the segments it wants to operate in and also change its positioning based on the data below. Data from Exhibit 11: Percentage of phone sales by segment Emerging Markets Developed Countries Mid East AP w/o Japan Latin America E. Europe Japan W. Europe North America Basic 41% 43% 20% 34% 0% 4% 8% Enhanced 40% 44% 58% 45% 32% 29% 43% Smart Phones- E. level 10% 7% 12% 10% 6% 34% 8% Smart phone- Feature 10% 6% 9% 11% 62% 33% 41% Penetration 58% 45.50% 80.30% 127.50% 86.60% 122.90% 84.90% Nokia Market Share 61.40% 42.30% 32.80% 48% 0.30% 39.40% 7.20% In emerging markets, Nokia must focus on Basic and Enhanced phones, as that is the largest segment as the market is still evolving and low cost handsets coupled with customized services will help further grow its footprint. In developed countries, Nokia should look at development of high end- high technology driven models in the Smart Phones Entry Level and Feature segment. At the same time when it comes to Japan, Nokia should look to  divest as it is largely smartphone driven market and Nokia has very little market share and does not have the requisite technology to successfully compete in that segment yet. It is essential for Nokia to follow the innovations in developed countries especially USA and adapt them to developing markets if it wants to stand up against competition in both the markets. Mobile phone industry has followed the International Product Life Cycle but now they have reached a stage where different approach is required for innovation to take place in developed and developing markets to meet their specific needs. Another key thing that Nokia must do is to reconsider its Transnational Strategy and adopt a Multi-Domestic Strategy to be able to cater to the distinctive needs of both the developed and emerging markets and to be more locally responsive. Level of Integration: Manufacturing- It should continue to be highly integrated as that is its core competency and contributed to operating profits with a CAGR of 13%. It helps in cost control especially in price-sensitive emerging markets. Operating System- Low integration. The future of Symbian isn’t very bright as competitors like Android of Google and Apple already have a lot of applications to offer on their OS. hence, it must look to finding a partner for a better OS as has been shown by its adoption of windows OS. Service (Apps) – Low integration. This can also be outsourced since it is not a core competency of Nokia and customer Value given to third party applications is on the rise (as per Exhibit 6) Sales and Distribution- Should be highly integrated as it has already developed a vast distribution and achieved great penetration in emerging markets which has been a source of higher margins by direct selling to consumers and is also a core competency. 2. What products should it offer – smart phones, low end phones, etc? Source of advantage: what will be the distinctive competitive advantage that Nokia will offer? Choice of activities: what choices should Nokia make in all its key activities, and where will it locate those activities – for eg., HR policies, manufacturing, R&D, software development, sales and marketing, etc. What is the justification for your strategy recommendation? Answer2: Addressing the consumer needs should be the strategy for Nokia in both emerging and developed market. In the emerging markets where Nokia is already a leader, it should focus on catering to the growing bottom of the pyramid consumer. The biggest advantage that Nokia offers is its reach. It should focus on its complimentary telecom industry trend, specifically in India, telecom players are involved into price war and which gave customer a higher bargaining power to switch. In such case coming up with dual sim phone would cater to the primary need of market. The applications in the phone should be in sync with local leisure such as music, newspaper and such more. Instead charging user for Life tools, revenue generation should be from advertisers. Provide time bound high end test features in low end phone during successive OS updates; this will generate user awareness and need for high end smart phone. On the other hand, in developed markets, Nokia has lost its share to other players. Customer demands smartphones with high quality user interface experience and applications and data security (RIM’s competency), Nokia need to target it. Nokia’s target should be the esteem need of user. Developing an OVI ecosystem with third party app developers, advertisers through more free and few paid applications for users. This will give Nokia a distinct advantage in the market if acted as 1st mover. More investment and development for user data security will generate trust among the users. In the mobile phone industry, the product life cycle is very short. Every year a new product is available on the shelf. Hence responsiveness to the consumer’s need is a must. Nokia failed to do that this with the clamshell model in China. By the time it came out with the product, the trend for clamshell models had faded and Nokia lost out to competition. Key advantages of Nokia a. 3 distinct operating system platforms that can offer the base for wide range of products catering to all user segments. b. Longest and complex supply chain in the world. It has the most efficient sourcing, logistics, manufacturing, and distribution of any company in the world. c. Nokia offers the OVI Store: the second largest app store in the world which is growing 70% per month as per Tero Ojanpera, Nokia’s EVP for the Services. d. With the acquisition of Navteq Corporation, it has a strong presence in the GPS  world and provides a wide range of geographic image support covering almost more than 180+ countries. e. In India. Nokia has a strong hold of rural market with their distribution system handles by HCL Info systems. In Latin America, it has a dedicated team to manage the relationship with America Movil and Telefonica and to co-ordinate sales and services across the region. Choice of activities a. HR policies should be locally controlled by subsidiaries to keep local culture intact. b. Manufacturing should be done on a global scale to utilize cost and resource arbitrage. Core product R&D should be centralized with satellite R&D in each market to add local flavor to the product. c. Software development centers have to be installed in countries like India or Philippines to utilize local talent and expertise in software development. d. Sales and marketing should be again localized. Country specific distribution channel should be adopted.

Boeing: Selling a Dreamliner

What is Boeing selling in the 787 Dreamliner? Discuss this in terms of the core benefit, actual product, and augmented product levels of 787 Dreamliner. The 787 Dreamliner core benefit is to provide an evolutionary step in air transportation by â€Å"looking at every aspect of the flying experience†. Boeing wanted to provide its corporate clients with an aircraft that falls into the midsized wide body market with ground breaking innovations that would translate into true benefits for its customers. Boeing 787 Dreamliner brings the speed range and capacity of the big jumbo jets to the mid-size market.It is designed to be the world’s lightest and most fuel efficient passenger jet, providing cost savings to their consumers. By looking at the entire flying experience, Boeing developed new product innovations in the 787 Dreamliner. Such innovations bring 20% less fuel consumption than comparability sized planes, an interior that offers a flexible design aimed at providing mu ltiple configurations for seating capacity, increased cargo capacity, enhanced safety and technology to cut departure delays and improvements to the passenger travel experience.Boeing prides itself on offering augmented product levels through superior customer relationships both during and after the sale. Boeing invests heavily in managing customer relationships during the lengthy sales cycle, through its sales and service technicians, financial analysts, planners, engineers etc. , all dedicated to finding ways to understand and satisfy airline customer needs. After the sale, the sales executives stay in almost constant contact with the customer to ensure that they stay satisfied.In this case of the delayed product delivery, Boeing augmented the product by announcing its commitment to working with its customers to minimize the impact of the delays as well as offering incentives and penalty payments to those customers. There are three major types of buying situations in Business mark ets. Identify which one better describes the situations of the airline mentioned as buyers of the 787 Dreamliner and explain.As a customer to the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, I believe this situation is best described as a New Task, A business buying situation in which the buyer purchases a product or service for the first time. Although the customer may have purchased products previously from Boeing, this product line, the 787 Dreamliner, is a brand new, revolutionary product in the market. As such, the customer, not having a previous experience with that particular product, its impact or how it would fit into their own product portfolio would have to perform a complete benefit/risk analysis.Such investigations are including but not limited to: product specifications, their own price limits, contract payment terms, order quantities, delivery times and service terms. Without an investigation on the new product, the buyer can only leverage historical experiences from Boeing on different pr oduct lines and the company’s business reputation. This is not enough to make a purchasing decision. Discuss the customer buying process for a Boeing airplane. In what major ways does this process differ from the buying process a passenger might go through in choosing an airline?Customers looking to invest in the Boeing 787 Dreamliner will undertake a Complex Buying Behavior for New Products. This behavior is identified for customers who are highly involved in the purchase and perceive significant differences amount brands. Consumers are highly involved with the product is expensive, risky, purchased infrequently or highly expressive. In the situation of buying the 787 Dreamliner, the purchasing cycle can take years of investigation and negotiations before the final contract is signed or the purchase is made.The length of the purchasing cycle and the behavior of the customer is identified by a number of stages, and these happen after the customer first identifies their need f or the airplane. After identifying if there is a need for the Dreamliner in the business, the customer will then go through a learning process about the product. They will investigate the 787 Dreamliner, compare the benefits and features with other competitive offerings. The customer will most likely analyze their finding through a comparative analytical model to help identify differences in the product and the value of those differences.Not only will the customer look at the core benefit of the product, the product itself, but the customer will also analyze the augmented product levels available to them (such as, warranty, maintenance, financing planners, engineers). It is during this evaluation that Boeing can be instrumental to the customer by managing the customer relationship by offering up an extensive team of company specialists all dedicated to finding ways to work closely with customers through the lengthy buying/discovery process. From here, the customer will develop first beliefs about the product itself.With only 2 competitors in the market for this type of product, the customer may already have a belief or attitude about the company itself (Boeing). It is now, that the customer will develop a belief, and then an attitude about the product and how the Dreamliner will fulfill their needs and what benefits it will bring to their portfolio. From there, the customer will make a purchase choice. A significant point is, that with this buying behavior, the cognitive dissonance the customer feels is relatively low, provided that the Boeing meets and provides the service and benefits that it marketed to the customer, thus providing customer delight.If Boeing fails to meet the criteria it set forth with the customer, than, as direct relationship with the price, the cognitive dissonance is very high. In contrast to a long buying cycle and decision making process that customers make in purchasing an airplane to round out their portfolio. The end user (the buye r) goes through a much shorter decision model and most likely fall in the Dissonance-Reducing Buying Behavior or even the Habitual Buying Behavior. I will review the Dissonance-Reducing Buying Behavior first.The Dissonance-Reducing Buying Behavior is when the buyer identifies a need they have (flying to a destination), that they are highly involved in the purchase as it maybe be an expensive, infrequent or risky purchased, BUT they see little difference among brands. As such, although the purchase price is expensive, and the buyer doesn’t see much difference between brands, the buyer may investigate options (shop around to learn what is available for pricing) but will buy relatively quickly.Provided that all pricing is relatively equal in the market (no large seat sales to take advantage of), the customer may do a preliminary scan of price offerings, stop overs, flight times et cetera; the customer will ultimately make a choice and purchase a ticket. As with most purchases, c ognitive dissonance will occur with this purchase. It will most likely not be over price, as all options available were of equal value, but it can occur from the service the buyer receives from the airline, or even through beliefs transferred from other’s experiences with that airline.The Habitual Buying Behavior occurs under conditions of low customer involvement and little significant brand difference. A significant portion of this buying behavior is based on the repetition of the product by the buyer. If the buyer is a frequent flyer, to him/her it may not matter about services, but about brand familiarity rather than brand conviction or brand loyalty. Once again, providing that price is not a factor in the buying decision, the buyer will continually return to the same airline out of habit provided that (s)he does not have a bad experience.As it is with Dissonance-Reducing Behavior, cognitive dissonance may occur, but most likely when the buyer receives bad service. Given that business and consumer marketers use many of same segmentation variables, which of the four categories of segmentation variables on page 242 of the textbook has Boeing used in planning for the 787 Dreamliner? Explain. Faced with a sullied reputation and suffering financial situation, Boeing fought back by first looking at the market and their products. They identified an opportunity in the mid-size wide-body market.Their current product line did not have the depth required to attack this market. When developing the Boeing 787 Dreamliner, Boeing segmented their marketing tactics to Psychographic Segmentation, specifically targeting Benefits Sought. This segmentation group divides buyers according to the different benefits they seek from the product. With this understanding and segmentation in mind, Boeing not only developed a product to fit into this category, but Boeing focused on improving the â€Å"standard† design including a number of significant changes, (benefits ad ded).Boeing worked on adding â€Å"ground breaking innovations that would translate into true benefits for its customers, the types of benefits that would stand out to buyers and executives at major airlines†. The Boeing 787 Dreamliner brings the speed range and capacity of the big jumbo jets to the mid-size market. It is designed to be the world’s lightest and most fuel efficient passenger jet, providing cost savings to their corporate customers, who in which could pass along the savings to their customers, driving business and market share.Adding on to this innovation, Boeing developed additional product innovations in the 787 Dreamliner. Such innovations bring 20% less fuel consumption than comparability sized planes, an interior that offers a flexible design aimed at providing multiple configurations for seating capacity, increased cargo capacity, enhanced safety and technology to cut departure delays and improvements to the passenger travel experience.These change s or innovations are designed to provide their corporate customers with financial benefits through cost savings on fuel and cutting down on departure delays. The enhanced safety technology also provides a costs savings for the customer with increased safety provisions, and maintenance requirement reporting that can lead to reduced down time. The final advances, although aimed at the end user (the flyer), also promote a benefit to the customer. The customer can promote their flights to the flyer† and boast of the 60% noise reduction, more legroom, lighting that automatically adjusts to time zone shifts, and higher cabin pressure and humidity which reduce the common flying symptoms. By developing the 787 Dreamliner with innovations, cost savings, an end user comfort, Boeing was able to segment their market and target their product to the customers most interested in products that provide them with additional benefits. Identify and discuss the sources of competitive advantages fo r the 787 Dreamliner.Although the 787 Dreamliner has a â€Å"hefty† price tag, as compared to comparable models, at $168M, it also offers a number of competitive advantages over the competition: †¢ Worlds lightest and most fuel efficient passenger jet o Single piece fuselage made of lightweight carbon materials, eliminating 40000-50000 fasteners and 1500 aluminum sheets o Requiring 20% less fuel than comparable models o Fuel range of 8500 nautical miles and reaching speed of Mach 0. 5, bringing big jet speed and range to the midsize market, rivaling the jumbo jets o Innovations in safety technology o Technology in cutting departure delays and ground based com o Self-monitoring vital functions with maintenance reporting technology to cut on down time o Multiple interior configuration o Increased cargo space †¢ The flow through (or advantages aimed at the end user or flyer) are to reduce long-haul flying misery and to better imitate the life on the ground: o 60% quiet er than other planes in its class More leg room o Lighting that automatically adjust to time zone shifts o Larger over-head capacity to reduce content damage o Cabin pressures and humidity higher to reduce symptoms of flyer promoting a more comfortable ride o 19 inch self-dimming windows o Wireless internet o Entertainment system By looking at the entire flying experience, from maintenance, crew and the passenger, Boeing was better able to create a product that has distinct and definable advantages over that of its competitor.

Power Corrupts essays

Power Corrupts essays Corruption is directly proportionate to the greed for power, and Napoleon, being a sly, selfish and witty pig, became more or less a despotic dictator of Animal Farm, who endorsed Lord Actons words, Power corrupts and absolute power corrupts absolutely. Through his use of actions, language and relationships, Napoleon became corrupt and started to take privileges for himself. He was able to disempower and dominate the animals of the farm, which only led to his increasing hunger for power. Through Napoleons actions, the discourse of power and control is evidently depicted by his use of tactics, which are features of a dictatorship, to assume his leadership and power. He took over the farm slowly by slowly, firstly privileging himself and his fellow pigs by convincing the other animals it was for their sake that the pigs ate most of the apples and drank most of the milk. We pigs are brain-workers. The whole management and organisation of this farm depends on us. Day and night we are watching over your welfare, and it is for your sake that we drink that drink and eat those apples. He did this through the use of Squealer who was a persuasive speaker, a follower and a liar. On Napoleons behalf, he told the animals that leadership was heavy responsibility, and therefore they should be thankful to Napoleon. This favoured Napoleons popularity and respect, and once he realised that the animals started listening to him, all the powers he had began to corrupt him. Napoleon also cunningly changed the commandments of Animal Farm to favour himself and ultimately gain more power. Napoleon became so corrupt in his actions he broke parts of the commandments to privilege himself and the other pigs. Nevertheless, some of the animals were disturbed when they heard that the pigs not only took their meals in the kitchen and used the drawing-room as a recreation room, but also s...

Discover Ideas Through Brainstorming

Discover Ideas Through Brainstorming In composition, brainstorming is an invention and discovery strategy in which the writer collaborates with others to explore topics, develop ideas, and/or propose solutions to a problem.  Business Dictionary  says that brainstorming is the process for generating creative ideas and solutions through intensive and freewheeling group discussion. Every participant is encouraged to think aloud and suggest as many ideas as possible, no matter how seemingly outlandish or bizarre. The purpose of a brainstorming session is to work as a group to define a problem and find a plan of action to solve it. In writing, brainstorming aims not just to think of topics to write about but to allow a group to problem-solve when a writer in the group is, essentially, suffering from writers block. Theory and Rules of Brainstorming Alex Osborn, an early proponent of brainstorming, explained the process in his 1953 book Applied Imagination: Principles and Practices of Creative Thinking as a stop-and-go, catch-as-catch-can operation- one which can never be exact enough to rate as scientific. The process, he said, includes some or all of these phases: Orientation: pointing up the problemPreparation: gathering pertinent dataAnalysis: breaking down the relevant materialHypothesis: piling up alternatives by way of ideasIncubation: letting up, to invite illuminationSynthesis: putting the pieces togetherVerification: judging the resultant ideas Osborne established four basic rules for brainstorming: Criticism is ruled out.  Adverse  judgment of ideas must  be withheld until later.Freewheeling is encouraged. The wilder the idea, the better.Quantity is the goal. The greater the number of ideas, the more likely it is that useful ideas will result.Combination and improvement are sought. In addition to contributing ideas of their own, participants should suggest how ideas of others can be turned into better ideas or how two or more ideas can be joined into still another idea. Analysis, discussion, or criticism of the aired ideas is allowed only when the brainstorming session is over and evaluation session begins. Whether in a   classroom, business meeting, or composition brainstorming session, you seek ideas- no matter how wild. Only after the brainstorming session is over, or perhaps at the end of it, do you start to cull the good (and workable) ideas from the bad. Brainstorming Strategies Brainstorming strategies are many and varied, but they can be grouped into the following basic areas, as described by  The Writing Center  at the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill: Cubing:  This strategy enables you to consider your topic from six different directions, just as in a cube, which is six-sided. In cubing, you take an idea and describe it, compare it, associate it, analyze it, apply it, and argue for and against it.Freewriting:  When you freewrite, you let your thoughts flow freely, putting pen to paper (or dry erase pen on a whiteboard) and writing down whatever comes to your mind, or to the group members  minds.Listing: In this technique, also called bulleting, you jot down lists of words or phrases under a particular topic.Mapping: With mapping, you list a lot of different terms and phrases that jut out from the main topic. This method is also called webbing because you end up with something that looks like a spider web with your brainstormed ideas branching out from the main topic in the center.Researching: Also called the journalistic method, with this technique, you use the â€Å"big six† questions that journalists rely on to rese arch a story: who, what, when, where, why, and how. You and your group then take a few minutes to research the answers to these questions if needed or simply discuss the answers if group members know the information.   Methods and Observations Some theorists say that brainstorming does not work. Debate and criticism, far from impeding the search for ideas or efforts to solve a problem, actually stimulate discussion and problem-solving, says Jonah Lehrer, in a 2012 article Groupthink: The Brainstorming Myth published in the New Yorker. Lehrer notes: Dissent stimulates new ideas because it encourages us to engage more fully with the work of others and to reassess our viewpoints. But thats where the teacher or facilitator plays an important role. While she doesnt criticize ideas, and discourages others from doing so, the teacher or facilitator  does  prompt and probe, as Dana Ferris and John Hedgcock write in their book, Teaching ESL Composition: Purpose, Process. The facilitator asks questions such as What do you mean? Can you give an example? or How are these ideas related?- recording these ideas on the board, an overhead transparency, or an electronic display. Far from sitting back and simply writing thin, feel-good ideas on the board or paper, the facilitator nudges participants to think about and enhance their thoughts so that they will be more useful. Its also important to note that brainstorming is just a first step in generating an interesting and well-thought-out essay, with ideas that go beyond the superficial, says Irene L. Clark in Concepts in Composition: Theory and Practice in the Teaching of Writing. Clark says that a useful invention strategy that follows brainstorming and precedes the drafting of an essay is the points-to-make list, which enables a writer to sort and narrow ideas.   Although different writers do this in individual ways, most good writers will take time to write down, examine, and revise their ideas in an informal list that is not as rigid as an outline. So think of brainstorming as a first step to help get your creative juices flowing, either on your own or preferably with the help of a group of collaborators. Then revise the ideas from a list or web to create an outline for a powerful and well-thought-out paper.

Reflection Paper ( Business Ethics for Leaders ) Case Study

Reflection Paper ( Business Ethics for Leaders ) - Case Study Example In the given case of Pinto Fires, the questions have been answered in a broader context. There are possibilities that some of the steps of decision making process may not be incorporated directly, but it will be ensured that their core essence remains implicit while reaching at the conclusion. In my personal opinion, the philosophical approach adopted by recall coordinator in his recommendation to continue with the production of the Pinto is Relativism. According to this ethical theory, it is not necessary that moral values of one person must coincide with the moral values of the other person. A particular instance may be ethically valued to a particular person but it does not mean that the other person should agree with that decision. In this particular case of Pinto Fires, what recall coordinator and Ford company thought was totally related to their own interest. As part of the company policy, Ford needed to launch such a model in automobile industry which could perform better than competitor’s models in terms of market share, competition and profitability. The element which was not a concerning issue to Ford, was the safety measures for its users. Having car accidents in the country is not something for which the company can be accused liable; neither it’s a worrisome issue for automobile companies. Normally drivers of cars are found guilty of negligence while driving car in a reckless manner. Since it is a normal practice for an automobile company to launch a model which is free of any fault, but that was not the case with Ford’s newly launched model, Pinto. At the time of crash testing eight out of eleven units of the Pinto went through deadly destructions. Despite of being aware of this shocking fault in the fuel tank of Pinto, yet the company decided to commence its commercial production. Since safety was not the top most priority of the company, it resulted in heavy destructions of the cars, increment in number of accidents, and above all the

Autobiography Fictionalized Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Autobiography Fictionalized - Essay Example I was a good obedient girl, thus I took my Barbie doll and a box filled with patchy handmade doll clothes I made from time to time during flushes of childish creativity and went to my room. Dad still wasn’t at home. Mom kept ironing bedlinen and his office shirts. â€Å"Honey, have you brushed your teeth?† I heard while I was diligently putting all my coloring books, pencils and dolls together (I was seven, but I was already clever and sedulous enough). I was naively thinking that father was always at home at the time I went to do my toilet in the evening. Scrubbing my teeth with one of those funny toothbrushes with hippo-shaped caps, I saw mom sitting at the table and crying over her cellphone. I’d never seen a tear shed by her – she’d always been so adult and strong and wise to me. My childish logic didn’t tell me anything better than to come over and hug her as a sign of comfort: We couldn’t sleep well that night. I was hugging my mother, while she lay with her back to me and held the phone in her hand. The phone was ringing continuously, but she wouldn’t answer, except for once, when she picked up the call and yelled haltingly: I was a little bit scared and puzzled, my childish mind didn’t want to admit that it was my father, though it was him. He must’ve hurt mommy or did something wrong, I thought. I hoped that there wasn’t my fault in their quarrel. The next morning, mom didn’t want to talk to me – or to anyone – at all. She cooked my usual Sunday pancakes, dressed them amply with blueberry jam and informed me that we were going for â€Å"a very long† walk in the park. Well, it was strange, for we always spent Sundays together with her and father either making some barbeque or going on one-day trips to some picturesque places. Well, dad never participated in our entertainment too actively: he’d rather walk around silently, smiling from time to